The codes and conventions in terms of layout and design
The key consideration in effective web design is usability, therefore websites need to be clear, logical and easy to navigate. There are several conventional types of layout and design for websites and often they emulate some form of old media. A grid system is used to separate sections of a website and to present information in small, easy ways to access segments. The centre of the page is often used to the main content with navigations tools on the left and/or across the top of the page and links to more detailed information on the right. The background and font colour are often used to separate different types of information and images are used to illustrate as much as possible to add visual interest.
The technical codes used
Certain technical codes are now common place on website. Many sites provide moving image or audio content and also provide some form of audience activity or interaction. Sometimes this is related to the content of the site so film marketing sites often offer downloads, such as music and images whereas news-based sites provide areas for audience members to comment on published news stories.
The codes and conventions in terms of context of a website
Websites which contain factual information will look different to those created for entertainment. There are distinct conventions in terms of news websites, film promotion websites, websites focussing on health issues etc.
Genre codes
In addition to the content leading layout and design choices, where websites are based on existing genres (e.g. Broadsheets or Tabloid Newspapers, Lifestyle magazines Horror films) the web design used recognisable codes and conventions from the genres to ensure audiences recognise the genre and are frames to have appropriate expectations.
The way codes are used to target the audience and attempt to address them appropriately
Different audience may find certain layout and design choices more appealing. A key issue with websites is the way they attempted to encourage audience activity and interactivity to attract audiences in and persuade them to return or pass on information to the website.